Statistical Laws Governing Fluctuations in Word Use from Word Birth to Word Death
Identifieur interne : 000243 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000242; suivant : 000244Statistical Laws Governing Fluctuations in Word Use from Word Birth to Word Death
Auteurs : Alexander M. Petersen [Italie] ; Joel Tenenbaum [États-Unis] ; Shlomo Havlin [Israël] ; H. Eugene Stanley [États-Unis]Source :
- Scientific Reports [ 2045-2322 ] ; 2012.
Abstract
We analyze the dynamic properties of 107 words recorded in English, Spanish and Hebrew over the period 1800–2008 in order to gain insight into the coevolution of language and culture. We report language independent patterns useful as benchmarks for theoretical models of language evolution. A significantly decreasing (increasing) trend in the birth (death) rate of words indicates a recent shift in the selection laws governing word use. For new words, we observe a peak in the growth-rate fluctuations around 40 years after introduction, consistent with the typical entry time into standard dictionaries and the human generational timescale. Pronounced changes in the dynamics of language during periods of war shows that word correlations, occurring across time and between words, are largely influenced by coevolutionary social, technological, and political factors. We quantify cultural memory by analyzing the long-term correlations in the use of individual words using detrended fluctuation analysis.
Url:
DOI: 10.1038/srep00313
PubMed: 22423321
PubMed Central: 3304511
Affiliations:
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Petersen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Laboratory for the Analysis of Complex Economic Systems, IMT Lucca Institute for Advanced Studies</institution>, Lucca 55100,<country>Italy</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tenenbaum, Joel" sort="Tenenbaum, Joel" uniqKey="Tenenbaum J" first="Joel" last="Tenenbaum">Joel Tenenbaum</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>Center for Polymer Studies and Department of Physics, Boston University</institution>, Boston, Massachusetts 02215,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Havlin, Shlomo" sort="Havlin, Shlomo" uniqKey="Havlin S" first="Shlomo" last="Havlin">Shlomo Havlin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a3"><institution>Minerva Center and Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University</institution>, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Israël</country><wicri:regionArea>, Ramat-Gan 52900</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ramat-Gan 52900</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stanley, H Eugene" sort="Stanley, H Eugene" uniqKey="Stanley H" first="H. Eugene" last="Stanley">H. Eugene Stanley</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>Center for Polymer Studies and Department of Physics, Boston University</institution>, Boston, Massachusetts 02215,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Scientific Reports</title><idno type="eISSN">2045-2322</idno><imprint><date when="2012">2012</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>We analyze the dynamic properties of 10<sup>7</sup> words recorded in English, Spanish and Hebrew over the period 1800–2008 in order to gain insight into the coevolution of language and culture. We report language independent patterns useful as benchmarks for theoretical models of language evolution. A significantly decreasing (increasing) trend in the birth (death) rate of words indicates a recent shift in the selection laws governing word use. For new words, we observe a peak in the growth-rate fluctuations around 40 years after introduction, consistent with the typical entry time into standard dictionaries and the human generational timescale. Pronounced changes in the dynamics of language during periods of war shows that word correlations, occurring across time and between words, are largely influenced by coevolutionary social, technological, and political factors. We quantify cultural memory by analyzing the long-term correlations in the use of individual words using detrended fluctuation analysis.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zipf, G K" uniqKey="Zipf G">G. K. Zipf</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tsonis, A A" uniqKey="Tsonis A">A. A. 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Hu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mao, X" uniqKey="Mao X">X. Mao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Perc, M" uniqKey="Perc M">M. Perc</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Israël</li><li>Italie</li><li>États-Unis</li></country></list><tree><country name="Italie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Petersen, Alexander M" sort="Petersen, Alexander M" uniqKey="Petersen A" first="Alexander M." last="Petersen">Alexander M. Petersen</name></noRegion></country><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Tenenbaum, Joel" sort="Tenenbaum, Joel" uniqKey="Tenenbaum J" first="Joel" last="Tenenbaum">Joel Tenenbaum</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Stanley, H Eugene" sort="Stanley, H Eugene" uniqKey="Stanley H" first="H. Eugene" last="Stanley">H. Eugene Stanley</name></country><country name="Israël"><noRegion><name sortKey="Havlin, Shlomo" sort="Havlin, Shlomo" uniqKey="Havlin S" first="Shlomo" last="Havlin">Shlomo Havlin</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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